How do we power missions in the outer reaches of our solar system and beyond? The solution, developed in the '60s, can last for decades.
The article from Astronomy.com discusses the use of nuclear batteries, specifically Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs), in powering spacecraft for deep space missions where solar power is insufficient. RTGs convert the heat generated from the decay of radioactive isotopes, like plutonium-238, into electricity through thermocouples. These devices are crucial for missions like the Voyager probes, Cassini, and the Mars Science Laboratory (Curiosity rover), providing a long-lasting, reliable power source in the harsh environment of space. The article explains the mechanics of RTGs, their advantages such as longevity and reliability, and the challenges associated with their use, including the handling of radioactive materials and the limited supply of plutonium-238. It also touches on the environmental considerations and the future of RTG technology, highlighting ongoing efforts to develop new isotopes and improve efficiency to support future space exploration.
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