West Nile Virus Returns to New York City: Two Cases Prompt Vigilance

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  Health and Fitness on Fri, Aug 22nd, 2025 by Patch

New York City residents are being urged to take precautions against mosquito bites after two individuals were recently diagnosed with West Nile virus (WNV). The cases, confirmed by the city's Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), mark the first reported infections in the city this year. While WNV is generally not a cause for widespread panic – most infected people experience no symptoms or only mild illness – health officials are emphasizing preventative measures to minimize risk, particularly as mosquito season intensifies.

The two individuals diagnosed with WNV both experienced fever and fatigue, common symptoms of the virus. One case was reported in Brooklyn, while the other occurred in Queens. Both patients received medical care and are recovering. The DOHMH is currently working to identify where these individuals were likely bitten by infected mosquitoes, focusing on areas with high mosquito activity. This involves trapping and testing mosquitoes for the presence of WNV.

West Nile virus is transmitted through the bite of a mosquito that has previously fed on an infected bird. It's not spread person-to-person. The virus was first detected in New York City in 1999, and sporadic cases have occurred since then. While most people who are bitten by an infected mosquito don’t get sick, approximately one in five will develop a fever and other symptoms like headache, body aches, nausea, vomiting, and rash. In rare instances – less than 1% of infections – WNV can lead to serious neurological illnesses such as meningitis or encephalitis, which can be life-threatening.

The DOHMH’s mosquito surveillance program is crucial in tracking the virus's presence and guiding preventative efforts. The city operates a network of traps throughout all five boroughs, collecting mosquitoes for identification and testing. Results from these tests inform targeted spraying efforts aimed at reducing mosquito populations in high-risk areas. This year, the DOHMH has already deployed larvicides to control mosquito breeding sites, focusing on standing water where mosquitoes lay their eggs – including catch basins, gutters, construction sites, and even flower pots.

Beyond city-led initiatives, residents are being strongly encouraged to take personal responsibility in protecting themselves from mosquito bites. The DOHMH recommends the following preventative measures:

• Use insect repellent: Apply a repellent containing DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus (OLE), para-menthane-diol (PMD), or 2-undecanone according to product instructions.
• Wear protective clothing: When possible, wear long sleeves and pants when outdoors, especially during dawn and dusk when mosquitoes are most active.
• Eliminate standing water: Regularly empty and scrub any containers that hold standing water around your home, such as flower pots, buckets, tires, and birdbaths. Even small amounts of water can provide breeding grounds for mosquitoes.
• Ensure window and door screens are in good repair: Repair or replace damaged screens to prevent mosquitoes from entering your home.

The recent WNV cases serve as a reminder that mosquito-borne illnesses remain a public health concern, even in urban environments like New York City. While the risk of contracting WNV is relatively low, taking simple preventative measures can significantly reduce exposure and protect against potential illness. The DOHMH continues to monitor mosquito populations and provide resources for residents to stay informed and safe during mosquito season. For more information on West Nile virus and mosquito prevention in NYC, visit the DOHMH website or call 311. The city's ongoing efforts to combat mosquitoes are a testament to its commitment to public health, but ultimately, individual action is key to minimizing risk and enjoying the summer months safely. Staying vigilant about potential breeding sites and practicing personal protection measures will help keep New York City residents healthy and protected from West Nile virus.